State lawmakers made concealed firearms legal without a permit. Then, more West Virginians died.

[AndyS]

19. I don't think you know what that means.

Causation is a comparison of two variables. In this case guns and violence. If one variable changes and the other changes in like manner there is causation.

I'm assuming that neither of us has a degree in statistics. My only claim to first hand knowledge is a past marriage to someone with a degree in fiance which included a LOT of statistics. If your experience is greater I will bow to a refutation but meantime:
To explain this like a 6 year old can understand:

Variable 1, number of guns
Which leads to variable 2, number of gun violence incidents.

In all the research I've found increasing variable 1 increases variable 2. Decreasing variable 1 decreases variable 2. Causation can be been established.

A correlation would be some variable that, while linked to both of the variables but is not causually linked to the other. For instance, guns increase causing a violence increase which is linked to longer wait times at funeral homes. The wait times are correlated but not caused by variable 1.

The largest burden in proving causation is eliminating other variables such as "Probably everywhere" (with no cites or stats or any of the stuff I'm asked for). The shear number of studies in populations of different ethnicity, demographics, economics and geography along with the time proximity to the change pretty well eliminates the other possible variables leaving ONLY the guns.